Development and Validation of Questionnaire about Knowledge, Attitude and Practice of Primary School Teachers on Myopia Children in Malaysia

This study aims to develop and validate a questionnaire on knowledge, attitude and practice (KAP) of primary school teachers on myopia among schoolchildren in Malaysia. Four phases were used to develop the questionnaire, namely: (i) questionnaire item generation via systemic literature review; (ii) content validity by 10 expert panels and face validity by 10 primary school teachers; (iii) feasibility study among 64 primary school teachers; and (iv) construct validity and reliability were determined by administrating the questionnaire to 396 and 64 primary school teachers, respectively. The final MyT-KAPQ consists of four sections: demography, knowledge, attitude and practice with 47 items. Knowledge domain items showed high content validity index (0.78-1.0) with Kappa values higher than 0.74. Acceptable scores of 0.844 and 0.881 were obtained for Kaiser-Meyer Olkin sampling adequacy for both attitude and practice domains and Bartlett’s Test of sphericity was significant (χ2 = 0.00, p < 0.001). Factor analysis resulted in each attitude and practice domain containing three factors with 12 items. All items in the KAP domains showed acceptable values >0.70 for Cronbach’s α and good test-retest reliability values. The final version of the questionnaire comprised 47 items across three sections namely KAP and demonstrated satisfactory psychometric properties for assessing the KAP of primary school teachers concerning childhood myopia in Malaysia